stuf

Category 6 (Carousel)

Monday, August 22, 2016

Home » » Bootstrap

Bootstrap

  2:19 PM    No comments

Bootstrap by Arnautweb
Bootstrap is the world’s most popular framework for building responsive, mobile-first sites and applications. Inside you’ll find high quality HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to make starting any project easier than ever.
Here’s how to quickly get started with the Bootstrap CDN and a template starter page.

Contents

Quick start

Looking to quickly add Bootstrap to your project? Use the Bootstrap CDN, provided for free by the folks at MaxCDN. Using a package manager or need to download the source files? Head to the downloads page.
Copy-paste the stylesheet <link> into your <head> before all other stylesheets to load our CSS.
Copy


<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MIwDKRSSImVFAZCVLtU0LMDdON6KVCrZHyVQQj6e8wIEJkW4tvwqXrbMIya1vriY" crossorigin="anonymous">

Add our JavaScript plugins, jQuery, and Tether near the end of your pages, right before the closing </body> tag. Be sure to place jQuery and Tether first, as our code depends on them.
Copy


<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.0.0/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha384-THPy051/pYDQGanwU6poAc/hOdQxjnOEXzbT+OuUAFqNqFjL+4IGLBgCJC3ZOShY" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tether/1.2.0/js/tether.min.js" integrity="sha384-Plbmg8JY28KFelvJVai01l8WyZzrYWG825m+cZ0eDDS1f7d/js6ikvy1+X+guPIB" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-ux8v3A6CPtOTqOzMKiuo3d/DomGaaClxFYdCu2HPMBEkf6x2xiDyJ7gkXU0MWwaD" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

And that’s it—you’re on your way to a fully Bootstrapped site. If you’re at all unsure about the general page structure, keep reading for an example page template.

Starter template

Be sure to have your pages set up with the latest design and development standards. That means:
  • Using an HTML5 doctype
  • Forcing Internet Explorer to use its latest rendering mode (read more)
  • And, utilizing the viewport meta tag.
Put it all together and your pages should look like this:
Copy


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <!-- Required meta tags always come first -->
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">

    <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MIwDKRSSImVFAZCVLtU0LMDdON6KVCrZHyVQQj6e8wIEJkW4tvwqXrbMIya1vriY" crossorigin="anonymous">
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello, world!</h1>

    <!-- jQuery first, then Tether, then Bootstrap JS. -->
    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.0.0/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha384-THPy051/pYDQGanwU6poAc/hOdQxjnOEXzbT+OuUAFqNqFjL+4IGLBgCJC3ZOShY" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tether/1.2.0/js/tether.min.js" integrity="sha384-Plbmg8JY28KFelvJVai01l8WyZzrYWG825m+cZ0eDDS1f7d/js6ikvy1+X+guPIB" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
    <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-ux8v3A6CPtOTqOzMKiuo3d/DomGaaClxFYdCu2HPMBEkf6x2xiDyJ7gkXU0MWwaD" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
  </body>
</html>

That’s all you need for overall page requirements. Visit the Layout docs or our official examples to start laying out your site’s content and components.

Important globals

Bootstrap employs a handful of important global styles and settings that you’ll need to be aware of when using it, all of which are almost exclusively geared towards the normalization of cross browser styles. Let’s dive in.

HTML5 doctype

Bootstrap requires the use of the HTML5 doctype. Without it, you’ll see some funky incomplete styling, but including it shouldn’t cause any considerable hiccups.
Copy


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  ...
</html>

Responsive meta tag

Bootstrap is developed mobile first, a strategy in which we optimize code for mobile devices first and then scale up components as necessary using CSS media queries. To ensure proper rendering and touch zooming for all devices,add the responsive viewport meta tag to your <head>.
Copy


<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">

You can see an example of this in action in the starter template.

Box-sizing

For more straightforward sizing in CSS, we switch the global box-sizing value from content-box to border-box. This ensures padding does not affect the final computed width of an element, but it can cause problems with some third party software like Google Maps and Google Custom Search Engine.
On the rare occasion you need to override it, use something like the following:
Copy


.selector-for-some-widget {
  -webkit-box-sizing: content-box;
     -moz-box-sizing: content-box;
          box-sizing: content-box;
}

With the above snippet, nested elements—including generated content via :before and :after—will all inherit the specified box-sizing for that .selector-for-some-widget.

Normalize.css

For improved cross-browser rendering, we use Normalize.css to correct small inconsistencies across browsers and devices. We further build on this with our own, slightly more opinionated styles with Reboot.

Community

Stay up to date on the development of Bootstrap and reach out to the community with these helpful resources.
  • Follow @getbootstrap on Twitter.
  • Read and subscribe to The Official Bootstrap Blog.
  • Join the official Slack room.
  • Chat with fellow Bootstrappers in IRC. On the irc.freenode.net server, in the ##bootstrap channel.
  • Implementation help may be found at Stack Overflow (tagged bootstrap-4).
  • Developers should use the keyword bootstrap on packages which modify or add to the functionality of Bootstrap when distributing through npm or similar delivery mechanisms for maximum discoverability.
You can also follow @getbootstrap on Twitter for the latest gossip and awesome music videos.

Bootstrap 3 (and now Bootstrap 4) are amazing CSS frameworks that can make the lives of developers of any skill-level easier. When I was more of a beginner and I first started using Bootstrap, I used every feature of it possible and used to hack it to get things to work the way I wanted. Now, with more experience, I mostly just use their reset and grid system. I now rarely alter any of its core functionality.
Bootstrap's grid system is fantastic and near perfect in my opinion. You can read about it here. I often see developers needing to match heights across columns while maintaining responsiveness. I've decided to share some of the methods I do to accomplish this, as well as some very cool tricks other developers and friends have taught me, and the general direction and solution that Bootstrap 4 is doing to address this common problem.

#Equal Columns? The Problem.

I've made a demo CodePen to illustrate the issue when content in columns are different lengths and how it messes with design. Some quick notes first:
  • Padding of 25px is added to the top and bottom of all Bootstrap stuff
  • A subtle border wraps all .cols
  • Various backgrounds are used to see how things stack on each other and how this all works
  • The first solution I'm going to use is with JavaScript. This is pretty straight forward and simply uses JavaScript to match heights of the columns. The best, easiest, and almost the most "official" JS way is to simply use matchHeight.
    There's definitely pros and cons to taking a JavaScript approach. With JavaScript, you get high cross-browser support, but you also have a bigger pageload and it won't happen until the DOM is ready or loaded depending on when you trigger it. I like this approach though because I actually prefer to not have heights associated with my columns and instead the content in them.

0 comments:

Post a Comment